Gynecomastia (Male Breast Reduction) Overview - Photos (Before & After) Gynecomastia is a condition resulting in abnormal male breast development. Although most cases are caused by over sensitivity of breast tissue to normal levels of circulating hormones, some cases can be caused by medical conditions or as a side effect of some medications or drugs such as marijuana. Abnormal testicular development can be an indication that a medical cause is to blame. Procedure Overview Back to Top A small amount of male breast development is common during puberty, usually resolving within a couple of years. Failure to resolve completely may cause embarrassment and is an indication for surgery. The breast tissue can be removed by excisional techniques, liposuction or a combination of the two. In general, insurance carries consider this procedure cosmetic and do not pay for it unless there is a medical cause. The procedure can be performed in the clinic procedure room with sedation and local anesthetic or in the operating room under general anesthesia.